Monga malo apadera okhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu, zitseko zotetezeka zimakhala ngati njira yodzitetezera poteteza zinthu zamtengo wapatali ndi ndalama m'malo monga mabanki, masitolo a zodzikongoletsera, malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, ndi mabungwe aboma. Pamene zofuna zachitetezo zikupitilirabe kukwera, miyezo yaukadaulo ndi mapangidwe ogwirira ntchito a zitseko zotetezeka akukulanso. Zotsatirazi zimapereka chidziwitso chokwanira cha zitseko zotetezeka kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri.
Tanthauzo ndi mfundo zoyambira
Khomo la vault ndi khomo lapadera lomwe limayikidwa pakhomo kapena potuluka m'chipinda chosungiramo zinthu, zomwe zimapereka kukana kuwonongeka. Zimagwera pansi pa gulu la zitseko zapadera zotsutsana ndi kuba. Malinga ndi muyezo wa dziko la China "General Technical Requirements for Vault Doors" (GB 37481-2019), zitseko zapachipindacho zimayendetsedwa ndi Unduna wa Zachitetezo cha Anthu ndipo zimatengera zofunikira zadziko. Ndi zida zofunika kwambiri popewera umbanda.
Mapangidwe oyambira a chitseko cha chipinda chosungiramo zinthu amaphatikiza zigawo zazikulu monga chimango, tsamba lachitseko, loko yoletsa kuba, makina a bawuti, chida chotsekera, ndi chipata cha tsiku. Ma module owonjezera ogwirira ntchito monga zotsekera nthawi ndi zida zotchingira madzi zitha kuwonjezeredwa ngati pakufunika. Zapangidwa kuti zipereke chitetezo chapamwamba kwambiri ndi kudalirika, kuteteza zinthu zamtengo wapatali mkati mwa chipinda chosungiramo zinthu kuti zisabedwe ndi zina zosaloledwa.
Chisinthiko cha mbiri yakale ndi chitukuko
Mbiri ya zitseko zotetezeka idayamba chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, pomwe mabanki ndi makampani a inshuwaransi adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zitseko zoteteza zipolopolo komanso zosaphulika. Zitsekozi poyamba zidapangidwa kuti zisalowerere mokakamizidwa, kuba, komanso kuukiridwa ndi zida. Ku China, makampani otetezeka a pakhomo adakula zaka makumi awiri, ndipo miyezo yoyenera yaukadaulo yasinthidwa mosalekeza. Muyezo wa GB 37481-2019, womwe unatulutsidwa mu 2019, ndi mulingo wovomerezeka wadziko lonse wopangidwa kutengera zomwe zachitika m'makampani komanso chifukwa chakusintha kwachitetezo cha anthu komanso zigawenga. Idayamba kugwira ntchito pa Meyi 1, 2020.
Magulu azinthu ndi magawo
Kugawa ndi njira yotsegula
Zitseko zotetezedwa zimagawika m'magulu atatu kutengera momwe zimatsegukira:
Khomo losungika losungika la tsamba limodzi: Amakhala ndi tsamba limodzi logwedezeka ndi chitseko chokhazikika, ndipo amakhazikika ndi kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa ndi mahinji kapena mahinji kumbali ya chitseko.
Chitseko cha depositi chokhala ndi masamba awiri: Amakhala ndi masamba awiri opindika opindika ndi chimango chokhazikika, ndipo amakhazikika ndikutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa ndi mahinji kapena mahinji kumbali ya chitseko.
Chitseko cha depositi yotetezeka: Amakhala ndi chitseko chotsetsereka ndi chimango chokhazikika, ndipo chimatsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa ndi masamba omwe akuyenda motsatira njirayo. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mapangidwe apadera a zitseko zotetezedwa zokhala ndi khomo lapakati, pomwe khomo lotulukira mwadzidzidzi limayikidwa patsamba.
Gulu potengera mulingo wachitetezo
Zitseko za Vault zimagawidwa m'magulu angapo kutengera kukana kwawo kuwonongeka:
M: Chitsimikizo chotsika kwambiri, chokhala ndi kukana kuwonongeka kwa ukonde kwa mphindi 15, ndikumangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mbale zachitsulo za 5mm.
A: Mphindi 30 zotsutsa zowonongeka, zomangidwa ndi mbale zazitsulo za 7mm, mphindi 30 zotsutsa zachiwawa, ndi malire oletsa moto wa maola awiri.
B: Mphindi 60 za kuwononga zowonongeka, zomangidwa ndi mbale zazitsulo za 9mm, ndi malire oletsa moto wa maola 4.
C: Mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri, wokhala ndi kukana kuwonongeka kwa mphindi 120, womangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mbale zachitsulo za 12mm, ndi malire oletsa moto wa maola 6.
D ndi E: Izi zimapereka kukana kuphulika kwina kuphatikiza kuwononga kwachikhalidwe, nthawi yolimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mphindi 120 ndi 180 motsatana.
Zofunikira zaukadaulo
Makhalidwe amapangidwe
Mapangidwe a chitseko cha vault amapereka zinthu zambiri zoteteza:
Zofunikira zolumikizana mwamphamvu zimagwira pa tsamba lachitseko ndi chimango cha chitseko. Zitseko zokhala ndi tsamba limodzi zimafunikira kulumikizana kwanjira zitatu kwa ≥20mm, ndi kusiyana kwa ≤5mm.
Zitseko zokhala ndi masamba awiri zimafunikira kuphatikizika kwa ≥30mm pakati pa masamba, ndipo zitseko zosaphuka zimakhala ndi mabawuti apamwamba ndi apansi.
Zitseko zotsetsereka zimafunikira kuphatikizika kwa ≥80mm pakati pa khomo lolowera ndi chimango, ndi kusiyana kwa ≤5mm.
Makina a bawuti amatha kupirira 3000N ya kuthamanga kwapambuyo ndikugwirabe ntchito bwino.
Zida zotetezera
Chitseko cha vault chili ndi zida zingapo zotetezera:
Kutsegulanso chipangizo: Pamene bolt kapena loko yatsegulidwa mowononga, imalepheretsa njira ya bawuti kuyenda kapena kulepheretsa chitseko kutseguka.
Kutseka nthawi: Mwamakina kapena pakompyuta imalepheretsa kutsegula kwanthawi zonse mkati mwa nthawi yodziwika.
Chipata cha tsiku: Chotchinga chomwe chili mkati kapena kunja kwa tsamba lachitseko chomwe chimapereka kuyang'ana, mpweya wabwino, ndi chotchinga pamene chitseko cha chipinda chatsekedwa.
Locking system
Zitseko za Vault nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi maloko awiri kapena kupitilira apo othana ndi kuba. Mitundu yodziwika bwino imaphatikizapo:
Makina osakaniza maloko: SG6731 makina osakaniza maloko otumizidwa kuchokera ku United States, UL certified, ndi osachepera 1,000,000 kuphatikiza.
Electronic kuphatikiza maloko: Itha kuphatikizidwa ndi machitidwe ena, koma amatha kulephera pamagetsi.
Maloko a zala: Tekinoloje ya biometric imalimbitsa chitetezo.
Nthawi yotseka: Chepetsani nthawi yofikira.
Maloko akubanki (maloko a makiyi apawiri): Pamafunika kugwiritsa ntchito makiyi awiri munthawi imodzi.
Zosintha zapamwamba zitha kugwiritsa ntchito makina olumikizirana ma loko atatu, kulola kuti chitseko chitsegulidwe potsegula maloko awiri aliwonse. Izi zimapereka mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito komanso kuperewera.
Zida ndi njira zopangira
Zitseko za Vault zimamangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zogwira ntchito kwambiri:
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri: Anti-corrosion, kukhalabe ndi dzimbiri labwino kwambiri ngakhale m'malo achinyezi.
Ma aloyi apadera: Monga ma aloyi apadera a Longdian, amapereka kukana kwa arc, kukana kubowola, kukana kudula, kukana kwa pry, ndi kukana moto.
Mapangidwe a kompositi: Kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi mitundu ingapo yokhala ndi mbale zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 1.2mm, mbale yachitsulo yosapanga dzimbiri 12mm, mbale yachitsulo yolimbana ndi kubowola ya manganese, ndi zodzaza ndi zinthu zosayaka.
Zofunikira zopangira zopanga:
Zigawo zonse zachitsulo (kupatulapo zonyamula) ziyenera kutetezedwa ku dzimbiri monga kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi electroplating.
Kutsika kwapakhomo kwa chitseko ndi tsamba la khomo kuyenera kukhala ≤3mm/m². Zofunikira zokhazikika zopatuka zimakhalapo pakati pa diagonal yamkati ya chitseko ndi gawo lakunja la tsamba lachitseko.
Mawonekedwe
Zitseko zamakono zotetezeka zimapereka zinthu zambiri zotetezera:
Anti-kuba: Imateteza motsutsana ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zida wamba zamanja, zida zamphamvu zonyamula, ndi zida zapadera zamagetsi.
Zosatentha ndi moto: Miyezo yosiyanasiyana yachitetezo chamoto imapereka maola 1.5 mpaka 6 chitetezo chamoto.
Chosalowa madzi: Zitseko zotetezedwa zopanda madzi zimatha kupirira kulowa kwamadzi mpaka kuya kwa mita 5 kwa maola 24.
Zosaphulika: Zogulitsa za Patula D ndi E zimakhala ndi mphamvu zolimba zophulika.
Anti-tailgating: Zitseko ziwiri ndi njira yapadera yotsekera zimalepheretsa kulowa mosaloledwa.
Ntchito Scenario
Zitseko zosungirako zotetezedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo osiyanasiyana okhala ndi chitetezo chapamwamba:
Mabungwe azachuma: Malo osungiramo zinthu za banki ndi malo opangira ndalama ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitseko zotetezedwa.
Malo ogulitsa: Malo osungiramo zinthu zamtengo wapatali, nyumba zogulitsiramo malonda, ndi malo ena osungiramo zinthu zamtengo wapatali.
Mabungwe azikhalidwe: Malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, ndi malo ena kumene zikhalidwe ndi zojambulajambula zimasungidwa.
Maofesi aboma: Kusunga zikalata zachinsinsi, zida zankhondo, ndi zinthu zina zapadera.
Magawo apadera: Ma villas apamwamba komanso zopereka zapadera.
Kuyika ndi Kukonza
Zofunikira pakuyika
Otetezeka gawo khomo unsembe ali ndi zofunika zapadera:
Iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pakhoma lokhazikika la konkriti 300-800mm wandiweyani.
Chitseko cha chitseko chiyenera kukhala chotchingidwa bwino ndi chotchinga chochokera ku khoma, ndi mtunda wa pakati pa ma welds oyandikana nawo ≤250mm. Zitseko zotsetsereka zamagetsi ziyenera kukhala zotsutsana ndi kutsina ndikuyima zikakumana ndi kukana kwa ≥98N.
Kuyika ma alarm, njira zowongolera njira, ndi zida zina siziyenera kusokoneza zinthu zotsutsana ndi kuwononga khomo lotetezedwa.
Kusamalira
Kusamalira moyenera kumatha kukulitsa moyo wa chitseko chanu chamkati:
Tsukani zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zonse ndi nsalu yofewa, kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito abrasives.
Nthawi zonse mafuta mahinji, zokhoma mabawuti, ndi makina osuntha mbali.
Tsegulani ndi kutseka chitseko pang'onopang'ono kuti mupewe kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zakuthwa.
Yang'anani nthawi zonse ntchito ya zigawo zikuluzikulu, monga loko ndi njira yotsekera.
